{"id":7890,"date":"2022-04-11T18:30:38","date_gmt":"2022-04-11T16:30:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/moked.it\/international\/?p=7890"},"modified":"2022-08-15T17:56:13","modified_gmt":"2022-08-15T15:56:13","slug":"des-nouvelles-anciennes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/moked.it\/international\/2022\/04\/11\/des-nouvelles-anciennes\/","title":{"rendered":"Des nouvelles anciennes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Par Gadi Luzzatto Voghera<\/strong>*<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>La V\u00e9n\u00e9rable Biblioth\u00e8que Ambrosienne a imprim\u00e9 une pr\u00e9cieuse \u00e9dition d’un extraordinaire texte h\u00e9bra\u00efque m\u00e9di\u00e9val, dont elle conserve une copie manuscrite d\u00e9cor\u00e9e. Il s’agit du Meshal Ha-Qadmon\u00ec, compos\u00e9 par Yitzhaq Ibn Sahula \u00e0 Guadalajara entre 1281 et 1284, un recueil de quatre-vingts fables anciennes. Le volume conserv\u00e9 dans la biblioth\u00e8que de Milan a \u00e9t\u00e9 copi\u00e9 \u00e0 Brescia en 1483 par le sofer Shmuel, appel\u00e9 Zimlein, responsable de l’\u00e9ducation des \u00e9tudiants du rabbi Baruch ben Shemuel Mortara, et a \u00e9t\u00e9 enrichi d’illustrations extraordinairement int\u00e9ressantes.
\nUn objet qui, \u00e0 mon avis, ne m\u00e9rite qu’un seul adjectif ultime: merveilleux. Il est merveilleux pour plusieurs raisons. Tout d’abord, pour sa signification historique et culturelle. Con\u00e7u et compos\u00e9 dans la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique au XIIIe si\u00e8cle, dans un environnement s\u00e9farade, le texte a eu une r\u00e9sonance particuli\u00e8re dans le monde ashk\u00e9naze, qui l’a valoris\u00e9 et utilis\u00e9, en le transmettant au fil des si\u00e8cles, comme t\u00e9moignage d’une civilisation juive qui, bien que divis\u00e9e int\u00e9rieurement en groupes distincts, est clairement identifiable dans sa continuit\u00e9 historique et culturelle.
\nSa beaut\u00e9 est \u00e9galement reconnaissable dans le manuscrit ambrosien, qui propose des illustrations polychromes pour commenter et r\u00e9sumer les textes litt\u00e9raires. Des images d’hommes et de femmes, de figures d’animaux et d’objets, pens\u00e9es pour mieux illustrer le contenu des fables. Puis, il ne faut pas oublier la langue, l’h\u00e9breu, qui, depuis le Moyen \u00c2ge, est devenue un v\u00e9hicule de transmission du savoir religieux, scientifique et litt\u00e9raire. Et enfin, le contenu des “novelle”.
\nElena Baricci, auteur d\u2019une belle traduction de l’h\u00e9breu et d’un int\u00e9ressant essai introductif, r\u00e9sume l’\u0153uvre ainsi: “Les fables, dont les protagonistes sont des animaux et des hommes, v\u00e9hiculent des messages \u00e0 forte empreinte morale et ont un but didactique d\u00e9clar\u00e9. C’est pourquoi le r\u00e9cit est entrelac\u00e9 de excursus scientifiques \u00e9rudits et de halakhiques sur des questions de m\u00e9decine, de politique, d’\u00e9thique, d’astronomie, de psychologie, etc… Le texte est compos\u00e9 sous forme de maqama, la prose rim\u00e9e introduite en h\u00e9breu \u00e0 partir de l’arabe et associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la fable et \u00e0 la narration anecdotique”.
\nCela vous semble-t-il familier? Oui, en cette ann\u00e9e de c\u00e9l\u00e9bration de Dante, on ne peut que constater l’\u00e9cho d’un environnement culturel et litt\u00e9raire commun. Dans les m\u00eames ann\u00e9es o\u00f9 le Meshal Ha-Qadmon\u00ec a \u00e9t\u00e9 compos\u00e9, la Commedia a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9e, aussi. En effet, dans la Commedia – comme le souligne Pier Francesco Fumagalli dans l’introduction – “la tradition \u00e9ducative du trivium et du quadrivium se refl\u00e8te tant dans les objectifs p\u00e9dagogiques (…) que dans les parties d\u00e9di\u00e9ees aux aspects scientifiques, m\u00e9dicaux et philosophiques”.
\nLe volume contient des essais de Malachi Beit-Ari\u00e9, Simona Gronemann et Claudia Rosenzweig, et a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9dit\u00e9 par Anna Linda Callow, en plus de Monseigneur Fumagalli. Sa r\u00e9alisation a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendue possible gr\u00e2ce au m\u00e9c\u00e9nat de Guido Ottolenghi, qui a souhait\u00e9 d\u00e9dier l’\u0153uvre \u00e0 son p\u00e8re, Emilio Ottolenghi, \u00e0 Luisella Ottolenghi Mortara et \u00e0 sa fille Raffaella. En tant qu’historienne de l’art, Luisella a \u00e9t\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re \u00e0 consacrer un essai au manuscrit ambrosien, tandis que Raffaella, moteur et soutien du programme “Letture di Nuovi Classici”, avait insist\u00e9 beaucoup pour promouvoir cette importante \u0153uvre litt\u00e9raire. Que leur m\u00e9moire soit une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction.<\/p>\n

*Directeur de la Fondation CDEC<\/p>\n

Traduction de Gianluca Pace et r\u00e9vision d\u2019Alice Pugliese, \u00e9tudiants de l\u2019Ecole Superiore pour Traducteurs et Interpr\u00e8tes de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Trieste et stagiaires au journal de l\u2019Union des Communaut\u00e9s Juives Italiennes.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Par Gadi Luzzatto Voghera* La V\u00e9n\u00e9rable Biblioth\u00e8que Ambrosienne a imprim\u00e9 une pr\u00e9cieuse \u00e9dition d’un extraordinaire texte h\u00e9bra\u00efque m\u00e9di\u00e9val, dont elle conserve une copie manuscrite d\u00e9cor\u00e9e. Il s’agit du Meshal Ha-Qadmon\u00ec, compos\u00e9 par Yitzhaq Ibn Sahula \u00e0 Guadalajara entre 1281 et 1284, un recueil de quatre-vingts fables anciennes. Le volume conserv\u00e9 dans la biblioth\u00e8que de Milan… leggi <\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4563,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9316],"tags":[],"position":[],"class_list":["post-7890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture"],"yoast_head":"\nDes nouvelles anciennes - Pagine Ebraiche International<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/moked.it\/international\/2022\/04\/11\/des-nouvelles-anciennes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Des nouvelles anciennes - Pagine Ebraiche International\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Par Gadi Luzzatto Voghera* La V\u00e9n\u00e9rable Biblioth\u00e8que Ambrosienne a imprim\u00e9 une pr\u00e9cieuse \u00e9dition d’un extraordinaire texte h\u00e9bra\u00efque m\u00e9di\u00e9val, dont elle conserve une copie manuscrite d\u00e9cor\u00e9e. 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