Having trouble viewing this email? Click here April 24, 2023 – 3 Iyar 5783

YOM HASHOAH

Le président Mattarella à Auschwitz,
“Être ici donne la mesure de l’inimaginable”

Des milliers de personnes ont participé à la “Marche des vivants”, de Auschwitz à Birkenau, au même temps qu’Israël et le monde juif commémoraient la blessure causée par la persécution et l’extermination nazie-fasciste à l’occasion de Yom HaShoah. Il s’est agi d’une célébration intense, qui a compté la participation, entre autres, du chef de l’État italien Sergio Mattarella et qui a rendu hommage à ceux qui, il y a exactement 80 ans, surgirent à Varsovie lors de l’insurrection du Ghetto.
Un après-midi de Mémoire vivement souhaité par le président de la République italienne, qui était en visite d'État en Pologne les jours précédents. “C’est un lieu d’horreur, le voir donne la mesure de l’inimaginable”, a-t-il commenté lors de sa visite au camp d’extermination nazi où les sœurs de Rijeka, Andra et Tatiana Bucci, ont survécu quand elles étaient petites. Ce jour-ci, elles l’attendent pour l’accompagner ensemble à une représentation du judaïsme italien et du monde de l’école.
“Il est déjà déchirant de lire et de voir sur vidéo les témoignages, mais le voir moi-même, c’est autre chose”, a commenté Mattarella. “Voir ces chaussures, ces petites chaussures d’enfant et de bébé… Il ne faut pas oublier et nous devons nous rappeler que ce que nous voyons n’est qu’une petite partie”.
Quarante-deux survivants de la Shoah ont participé à la Marche et à la cérémonie commémorative suivante, qui s’est ouverte par le retentissement d’une sirène en mémoire de toutes les victimes. Dans ce contexte, le Président Mattarella a commencé son discours par un éloge de l’engagement des survivants en tant que “témoins précieux de la vérité”, et en exprimant sa gratitude particulièrement aux sœurs Bucci, à ses côtés pendant ce qu’il a décrit comme une “expérience inoubliable”.

Traduction de Klara Mattiussi, révisé par Francesca Pischedda, étudiantes à l’École Supérieure de Langues Modernes pour les Interprètes et les Traducteurs de l’Université de Trieste, stagiaires dans le bureau du journal de l’Union des communautés juives italiennes – Pagine Ebraiche.

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25 AVRIL/RECHERCHE

De l’Émilie-Romagne à la Ligurie
histoires juives de Résistance

Rendre aux juifs le rôle de protagonistes et pas seulement de victimes de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Et rappeler au grand public l’importance des différentes formes de Résistance : pas seulement armée, mais également civile. C’est l’objectif du grand projet de recherche de la Fondation Cdec de Milan dédié à la contribution des juifs d’Italie à la Résistance entre 1943 et 1945 et sous la direction de l’historienne Liliana Picciotto. Il s’agit d’un travail complexe, un travail de creusement dans des archives et papiers, pour rendre les histoires de centaines de personnes morceau par morceau. Un travail qui, après s’être penché sur les régions Campanie, Latium et Toscane, est en train de remonter la péninsule et a maintenant une nouvelle partie achevée, celle dédiée à l’Émilie-Romagne e à la Ligurie. “Le nombre de résistants est inférieur par rapport à la première partie parce que la présence juive était inférieure. Mais les histoires sont également intéressantes, avec des vicissitudes incroyables”, explique Picciotto à Pagine Ebraiche. Certaines de ces biographies– cinq – ont été collectées dans des podcasts créés par le réalisateur Lorenzo Pavolini, avec des musiques de Manuel Buda (à 18h30 la présentation en collaboration avec le Mémorial de la Shoah de Milan avec un dialogue entre Picciotto et Mario Calabresi). Cependant, les données de tous les résistants catalogués jusqu’à présent peuvent être consultées sur le site resistentiebrei.cdec.it.

Traduction d’Erika Centazzo, révisée par Francesca Angelucci, étudiantes à l’École Supérieure de Langues Modernes pour les Interprètes et les Traducteurs de l’Université de Trieste, stagiaires dans le bureau du journal de l’Union des communautés juives italiennes – Pagine Ebraiche.

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25 APRIL/DOCUMENT

Letters from the front, the Liberation of Italy
through the eyes of a South African Jew

By Murilo H. Cambruzzi, David Jacobson*

I still remember the first time I came across one of Hirsh’s letters. I was having my first meeting (on Zoom, pandemic times) with Professor David Jacobson, who was my thesis supervisor. Right at the end of the meeting he told me that his uncle fought in the South African army corps for the liberation of Italy. He then read me an excerpt of a letter which Hirsh wrote right after Yom Kippur in 1945 that touched me deeply.
Hirsh was the son of Hyman and Liebe, the brother of Dan, Jock and Aviva, and part of the Jacobson family, a family of Latvian-Lithuanian Jews who emigrated to South African at the beginning of the 20th century. Hirsh grew up in Kimberley, South Africa, a city described by John Sutherland as “a dull town – diamonds went down with everything else in the slump – but one of the places on the globe where Jews were safe to enjoy a dull life.”
During World War II, after much pondering, South Africa entered the war on the Allies’ side. Jews enlisted en masse to fight against the Axis. According to Geraldine Auerbach (2021), around 10,000 of them enlisted from all over the country, 50 from the small Jewish community in Kimberley. Hirsh was one of those 50.
Hirsh landed in Italy in 1944, and he was only 17 during the first six months of his deployment at the 6th Armored Division. According to Auerbach, many of those who fought were deeply changed by it, but never told their story. Professor David tells me that he and Hirsh were very close, but that he only learnt about the details of Hirshs experience after discovering his letters after his passing in 2008.
From his letters, Hirsh gives the impression of being a funny, lovable chap, filled with curiosity. In the letters, which were always addressed to his parents and siblings, he described his surroundings and experiences in a detailed manner, as if he was undertaking anthropological research. At the same time, he was keeping close interest about what was going on with his family (and dogs, “The new dog, Hyphen, is news to me. Have we still got Ischaicky or are they the same dog under different names. Anyway give him (or them) my regards”).

*Researcher, Antisemitism Observatory of the CDEC – Contemporary Jewish Documentation Foundation; Professor of Sociology, University of South Florida.

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ART

Conscious Collective, the Israeli melting pot
on display at the MAXXI Museum in Rome

"How it is possible to rediscover a sense of collectivity even in a land where conflict is a constant and how accepting life with its contradictions may be the key to a better existence". The exhibition Conscious Collective, on display in Rome at the MAXXI Museum until June 4, interrogates these issues through the works of Tsibi Geva, Maria Saleh Mahameed, and Noa Yekutieli. Rooted in individual biographies, their art portrays a complex cultural reality, between identity and place, memory, and ties, and what emerges is Israeli society's dynamic melting pot.
Tsibi Geva (Israel, 1951), among the most internationally known interdisciplinary artists, lives and works between Tel Aviv and New York. His work "Where I come from" is a modular painting featuring canvases of different sizes presented as a collective unit, which summarizes his recurring motives. Maria Saleh Mahameed (Israel, 1990) born and raised in Israel’s most populated Arab city, is the daughter of a Palestinian father and a Ukrainian-Christian mother. In "Ludmilla", she depicts an imaginary landscape that intertwines references to Umm el Fahem and Kyiv mixing Russian and Middle East elements. Finally, Noa Yekutieli (USA,1989), born in California to a Japanese mother and an Israeli father, who divides her time between Tel Aviv and Los Angeles, her work "Where We Stand", a series of manual paper-cutting, evokes different scenarios, from natural landscapes to scenes of conflict and destruction.

Photo Musacchio, Ianniello, Pasqualini & Fuccillo

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ITALICS

New Italian film about love in fascist Italy
shows the complex lives of Italian Jews and gentiles

By Hannah Brown*

A new Italian film, The Shadow of the Day by Giuseppe Piccioni, which just opened the Italian Film Festival in Israel at the cinematheques in Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Haifa, Holon, Herzliya, Sderot and Rosh Pina deals with the issue of Jews in Italy under the Fascists, through “a story of love in troubled times,” according to Piccioni. Several past Italian films have looked at the tragedy of Italian Jews during the Holocaust, most notably, Vittorio De Sica’s classic 1970 film, The Garden of the Finzi-Continis but it’s a topic that has not been explored much in recent years. Set in the late 30s/early 40s, Shadow of the Day tells the story of a decorated veteran and hero of World War I, Luciano (Riccardo Scamarcio, one of Italy’s leading actors), who was badly wounded and walks with a limp. 
 
*This article was originally published on The Jerusalem Post on April  21, 2023.

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Realizzato con il contributo di: Francesco Moises Bassano, Susanna Barki, Amanda Benjamin, Monica Bizzio, Angelica Edna Calò Livne, Alain Elkann, Dori Fleekop, Daniela Fubini, Benedetta Guetta, Sarah Kaminski, Daniel Leisawitz, Annette Leckart, Gadi Luzzatto Voghera, Yaakov Mascetti, Jonathan Misrachi, Anna Momigliano, Giovanni Montenero, Elèna Mortara, Sabina Muccigrosso, Lisa Palmieri Billig, Jazmine Pignatello, Shirley Piperno, Giandomenico Pozzi, Daniel Reichel, Colby Robbins,  Danielle Rockman, Lindsay Shedlin, Michael Sierra, Adam Smulevich, Simone Somekh, Rossella Tercatin, Ada Treves, Lauren Waldman, Sahar Zivan.
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