Er
By Gadi Luzzatto Voghera
Er, das absolut Böse, scheint immer die Hauptperson unserer Alpträume zu sein. Er wird von den Massen heraufbeschworen (kürzlich von den Impfgegnern), die großen politischen Leader sprechen von ihm. Seien sie die Gemäßigten, die große Länder regieren, oder belagerte Präsidenten, die tagsüber und nachts bombardiert werden. Er erscheint vor uns mit seinem lächerlichen Schnauzbart in Filmen auf Streaming-Plattformen oder in Chats auf Social Media. Doch, er ist gestorben, selbstmörderisch und einsam, befürchtet und verachtet (auch verehrt) in Berlin, anfangs Mai 1945, sein Leib verbrannt und zu Aschen gemacht. Und dann, seine Bewegung, die unbedeutende Nachahmer hatte (und noch hat), die sich neo-was-auch-immer nennen. Er und seine Bewegungs-Partei-Ideologie sind unser schlechter, andauender Gedanke. Wir können uns das Böse nicht vorstellen, ohne an ihn zu denken, ohne es mit ihm zu vergleichen. Und damit verzerren wir seine Geschichte, wir entziehen ihn seiner Verantwortung in der Geschichte. Das Schlimmste ist jedoch, indem wir ihn immer wieder heraufbeschwören, begehen wir den schlimmsten Fehler: wir verzichten auf die Vernunft, wir verleihen den heutigen Ereignissen nicht ihre komplizierte und ernste zeitgenössische Dimension. Wir vermeiden es, Antworten in der Gegenwart zu suchen und daher verzögern wir dies zu verstehen und entsprechend zu handeln. So, das ist die „Verzerrung“, sowohl in der vergangenen Geschichte (eine Vergangenheit, die nicht vergehet, wie viele zu sagen pflegten), als auch unserer schwierigen Gegenwart.
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ITALICS
Reviving the Renaissance Temples
of Venice’s Jewish Ghetto
By Robin Pogrebin*
Walking into the Jewish Ghetto here, in the Cannaregio section of this watery city, you would not know that there are five ornate synagogues nestled behind the walls of the nondescript tenements that date back to the 16th century.
The temples were built on the top floor — according to Jewish law, synagogues should be the tallest structures in a given area — and had to be hidden because Jews were not allowed to pray openly. Those houses of worship were a lifeline for the estimated 5,000 Jews who lived in the ghetto at its most populous — a place to gather, celebrate rites of passage, take refuge from a world that didn’t want them.
These days, the number of Jews in Venice has dwindled to 450, and the synagogues have fallen into disrepair. But an effort is underway to rejuvenate the three most needy of them — restoring the wooden pews, cleaning the terrazzo floors and repairing the painted ceilings.
“These buildings are crying for help,” said David Landau, an Israeli art historian and businessman who lives between Switzerland and Venice and is leading fund-raising for the project. “I got so frustrated when I came here and saw everything was crumbling. We have to get this done. It’s a question of honor. Art for me is fundamental to my life, and being a Jew is fundamental to my life.”.
*This article was originally published on The New York Times on May 4, 2022
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Realizzato con il contributo di: Francesco Moises Bassano, Susanna Barki, Amanda Benjamin, Monica Bizzio, Angelica Edna Calò Livne, Alain Elkann, Dori Fleekop, Daniela Fubini, Benedetta Guetta, Sarah Kaminski, Daniel Leisawitz, Annette Leckart, Gadi Luzzatto Voghera, Yaakov Mascetti, Jonathan Misrachi, Anna Momigliano, Giovanni Montenero, Elèna Mortara, Sabina Muccigrosso, Lisa Palmieri Billig, Jazmine Pignatello, Shirley Piperno, Giandomenico Pozzi, Daniel Reichel, Colby Robbins, Danielle Rockman, Lindsay Shedlin, Michael Sierra, Adam Smulevich, Simone Somekh, Rossella Tercatin, Ada Treves, Lauren Waldman, Sahar Zivan.
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